The PolySwarm Blog

Verticals Targeted: E-commerce
Regions Targeted: Not specified
Related Families: None identified

Executive Summary

PupkinStealer, a .NET-based infostealer written in C#, targets sensitive data such as browser credentials and desktop files, exfiltrating it via Telegram’s Bot API. First observed in April 2025, its simplicity and reliance on legitimate platforms make it a notable threat.

Related Families: Amadey

Executive Summary

StealC V2, a sophisticated evolution of the StealC information stealer, introduces enhanced payload delivery, RC4 encryption, and a redesigned control panel, posing significant risks to organizations.

Related Families: VenomLNK, TerraLoader, TerraStealer, TerraTV, TerraCrypt, TerraRecon, TerraWiper, lite_more_eggs, RevC2, Venom Loader

Executive Summary

TerraStealerV2 and TerraLogger are two new malware families from Venom Spider, enhancing their Malware-as-a-Service (MaaS) platform with credential theft and keylogging capabilities. These tools, observed between January and April 2025, indicate active development but lack the sophistication of mature Venom Spider malware.

Verticals Targeted: Gambling
Regions Targeted: Philippines, Cambodia, United Arab Emirates, China, Hong Kong
Related Families: WizardNet, DarkNights (DarkNimbus)

Executive Summary

TheWizards APT group leverages Spellbinder, a sophisticated lateral movement tool, to conduct adversary-in-the-middle (AitM) attacks, hijacking legitimate Chinese software updates to deploy the WizardNet backdoor. This activity targets gambling companies and individuals across Asia and the Middle East.

Verticals Targeted: Cryptocurrency, Social Media, Communications
Regions Targeted: Russia, United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands, Brazil
Related Families: Dwphon, MobOk

Executive Summary

The Triada trojan has evolved into a sophisticated firmware-embedded threat, targeting Android devices with custom modules to steal cryptocurrency and compromise popular applications like Telegram and WhatsApp. Its persistence and modular architecture pose significant risks to users and organizations globally.

Verticals Targeted: Healthcare, Pharmaceutical
Regions Targeted: Language based targeting of Czech, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Portuguese, Turkish
Related Families: Rhadamanthys, Lumma

Executive Summary

ResolverRAT is a sophisticated remote access trojan (RAT) targeting healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors globally. Deployed via localized phishing campaigns, this previously undocumented malware employs advanced in-memory execution and evasion techniques to steal sensitive data.

Verticals Targeted: Government, Military, NGOs
Regions Targeted: Myanmar, East Asia, Europe

Executive Summary

Mustang Panda has enhanced its arsenal with updated ToneShell backdoor variants and a new lateral movement tool, StarProxy, targeting organizations in Myanmar and other regions. These tools employ advanced evasion techniques, including FakeTLS protocols and DLL sideloading, to facilitate espionage.

Verticals Targeted: Government, Diplomatic Entities
Regions Targeted: Europe, Middle East 
Related Families: WINELOADER, ROOTSAW

Executive Summary

A sophisticated phishing campaign by Cozy Bear, a Russia-linked threat actor, was recently observed targeting European diplomatic entities with GRAPELOADER and WINELOADER malware.